Travelsmartplanet

The first included meal in the Cosmos: Prague Vienna Budapest tour was an entree into the hearty meals to come. It started off with a beef broth with thin noodles and small tidbits of beef.

The main course was roasted pork  in a flavorful beer gravy with a side of  red cabbage and bread “dumplings”. These were new to most of the travelers. Rather than a round doughy ball which we expected, these were more like slices of rye bread sitting in the gravy – so easy to lap it up.

Dessert was a light tiramisu served in a tumbler. Good start!

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Kurt Eisner, a Socialist and a  Jew became the first Republican Premier of Bavaria. In November 1918, at the end of WWI, Eisner, a socialist journalist and statesman, organized the Socialist Revolution which overthrew the Wittelsbach monarchy in Bavaria. He declared Bavaria to be a free state and republic on November 8, 1918.

His leadership didn’t last long as he was assassinated in Munich when German nationalist Anton Graf von Arco auf Valley shot him  in the back on February 21, 1919. After his death the in-fighting amongst left wing parties led to the seeds of the National Socialist Party and the rise of Hitler.

In 1989 a memorial was placed on the sidewalk on the ground at the site of his assassination.

Members of the Wittelsbach family are still alive, still own property in the city and are honored by the people of Munich and are invited to events.

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The “English Garden”, really the Englischer Garten in Munich is  known as one of the largest urban public parks in the world. Believe it or not, it was designed by an American physicist, Sir Benjamin Thompson in 1789.

Born in Woburn, Massachusetts, he served as a Lieutenant-Colonel on the British side during the American Revolutionary War for which he received a knighthood from King George III. He later lived in Germany and became Count Rumford.

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 Haus der Deutschen Kunst (“House of Aryan Art”) was the Third Reich’s first monumental structure of Nazi architecture and a showcase for  Nazi propaganda. It  opened  July 18, 1937 to highlight what the Third Reich regarded as Germany’s finest art.  Since Hitler thought Modern Art was crap, he intended this as an edifying contrast to it.

Ironically, since, 2002, it has housed the the National Collection of Modern and Contemporary Arts and is called the Pinakothek der Moderne.

Just to make sure we get it, crowning the top of the building are 20 words written in Yiddish such as “meshiginer or nudnick” – all words relating to the fact he was a fool.

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From June 1942 to February 1943, Munich was the center of the White Rose, a student resistance movement which was known for an anonymous leaflet and graffiti campaign. The group was in active opposition to dictator Adolf  Hitler’s regime. Six well-known members were arrested and be-headed following a distribution of leaflets in Munich University by Hans and Sophie Scholl.

You can see the black granite monument to the White Rose Movement in the Hofgarten. Their words carved on it say that every human being has the right to live in freedom of their faith and welfare.

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Hitler lived in Nuremburg at the Deutscher Hof Hotel. The Cosmos tour passes right by his windows. Look for the arched windows in the center of the front facade.

The city was famous for Nazi Party rallies held here every September from 1933 to 1938.  These were  huge week-long gatherings that brought hundreds of thousands of people to this city to view the nationalistic and militaristic extravaganza.

It’s one of the reasons the city was destroyed.

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The Hapsburgs ruled the Austro-Hungarian Empire for 630 years.

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Budapest has the third largest Parliament in the world. The biggest is in Buenos Aires and the 2nd largest is London.  www.cosmos.com/Product.aspx?trip=46050

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After WWI, in 1918, the victors carved up a new map of Europe. Creating something that they called Czechoslovakia, they sewed together parts of countries. The people who now spoke four different languages did not share a common background.

After WWII, it became part of the Soviet Bloc. In 1968, there was a brief period of liberalization called the “Prague Spring”. The underground movement against their government  was not successful and Soviet tanks rolled in.

However by 1989, the Velvet Revolution (during the fall of communism), it finally became free and democratic again. Finally in 1993, the country peacefully split apart to become the Czech Republic with about 5 million people and Prague as its capital. The other part, Slovak Republic, has about 10 million people, and its capital is Bratislava .

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All roads lead to  Marienplatz, the  famous, historic square and the heart of  the Old Town of Munich. Make sure to catch the Glockenspiel show at 11 am or noon (and 5 pm in the summer). The 43-bell Glockenspiel (carillon)  is located on the central spire of the New Town Hall.

When the clock strikes the hour, a  clarion sounds and colorful mechanical figures act out two dramas in the upper and lower windows. The crowd giggles when the rooster crows and the Count gets thrown off his horse.

If you like panoramic views, you can take steps or an elevator up inside the Town Hall.

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